Vapor-burner



u e 8 h s u e e h s 2 N. E D L E B S E n. d O M 0 m VAPOR BURNER.

Patented Sept. -5, 1882.

y my,

N4 PETERS. Pluma-LialmpaphwA wqshmgwn, Dv c.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. S. HELDEN.

VAPOR BURNER.

(No Model.)

Patented Sept. 5, 1882..

l-vQ/ve 7725542.'

N. PETERS. maio-Lilhagrapmr. washington.' D. C.

j UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY S. BELDEN, OF CANTON, OHIO.-A

VAPOR-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 263,840, datedSeptember 5, 1882.

Application filed April 10, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: .y Be it known that I, HENRY S. BELDEN, acitizen of the United States, residing at Canton, in the county of Starkand State ot Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inVapor-Burners, of which the following isa specification, reference beinghad therein to the accompanying drawings. p

Heretofore vapor-burners have been made in one or the other of two ways.First, they have been made with a retort in which the oil is vaporized,a chamber in which the vapor escaping from the retort is mixed withAair, (there being large orifices for the entrance of the air,) and aburner provided with an elongated slot or escape-orifice similar to thatin ordinary gashurners, these being known as mixing-cham'- ber burners.7From the elongated slot the mingled air and vapor escape under pressure,and this pressure causes the vapor and air to spread through the slot toform the illuminatin g-llaine. The burners of the other class are thosehaving a retort in which the oil is vaporized, a small needle-orili'ceinthe wall of the retort through which the vapor directly escapes intothe open air, and a curved plate having a part lying across the path ofthe jet that escapes from the needle-orifice, so that the jet is causedto impiego upon said plate, which, spreads it into the proper shape forthe illuminating-flame, these being known as plate v'apor-burners.77These have no mixing-chamber for minglingthe air with the vapor beforeit escapes from the illuminating-orifice, and therefore, if thespreading-plate were not used, a small cylindrical and practicallyuseless jet t would be produced; and, on the other hand,

if, instead ot' the needle-orifice, the elongated slot of themixing-chamber burner were used, there would result such a decrease ofpressure that the jet could not be properly spread oroxidized. The`mixing-chamber burners are the more difficult to make, and'consequently necessitate greater expense than is desirable in theordinary burner used in street-lighting, Src., and therefore for suchpurposes they have been largely superseded by the plate burners. Theseplate burners, however, I have found to be very inferior, from the factthat as ordinarily constructed it has been impossible to get sufticientheat in the retort to thoroughly vaporize the oil, the spreading-plateshaving been heretofore relied on entirely to carry heat back to theretort from the illuminating-dame. These plates for some purposes mustbe made separate] y from the retort, and for some purposes must. besupported entirely. independently thereof, and when thus made andsupported it is impossible to obtain the requisite heat in the mannerheretofore followed in using plate burners.

This invention relates to vapor-burners of the kind known as plateburners7-that is to say, those in which a plate of metal is used tospread out the jet of vapor or gas generated by the device, the platebeing so arranged that thejet impinges upon it at a suitable point.

. Figure l is a vertical section of a burner embodying my improvements.Fig. 2 is a section of a burner having the plate connected to thevaporizing-chamber. Fig. 3 is a front view of the burner shown in Fig.Q-that is, a view taken from the concave side of the plate. Fig. et is aside elevation ot' a burner having a inoditied form ot' the device whichI term a sub-heater. Fig. 5 is a front or side view,

showing another method of attaching the feed- I pipe and a modified formof the regulating device. Fig. 6 is a view from the side of the burnerin Fig. 5, looking endwise of the feedpipe. Figs. 7 and 8 are verticalsections of other forms of the devices which deliver the main jet. Figs.9 and 10 show other forms of supplemental heating devices. Fig. ll showsa burner having a heating-orice formed in the spreading-plate withoutany regulating-valve for said orifice. Fig. l2 is a .top plan view ofthe burner in Fig. 2.

In the drawings, I have shown, at A, a portion of a feed-pipe extending,by means of any suitable connections, to a reservoir. It is connectedwith theburner proper in any suitable. way, either by screw-threads, asshown, or by ground joint or brazing.

Theparts of the burner-proper consist of a spreader-plate, B, asupply-pipe, C, a projec' tion, D, to receive the jet-orilice, and anexpanded part, I, immediately below the projection D, or between thesanne and the supplypipe G, a passa ge-way or conduit for a heating- ICOjet to be applied below the projection D, and

a socket, C', for receiving the end ot' the snpply-pipe A, and a device,E, which shields and guides the heating-jet. It will be seen that thereis a passage, c, through the part C, whereby the vapor can pass into theupwardlyprojecting part D, from whence it escapes through the orice d.From this orifice it is thrown outward against the spreading anddelecting plate B. While passing from the oriiice to the plate the vaporis mingled with a sufficient amount ot' air to permit combustion.

In the drawings I have shown several forms of burners in which myinvention is embodied, though others will readily suggest themselves tothose acquainted with the art.

In the construction shown in Fig. l a portion of the vapor, after it hasescaped from the illuminating-orice, is conducted downward through apassage, F, from which it is carried backward toward thevaporizing-chamber. It escapes through an orifice, f, and is ignited toform a flame, which plays against the chamber and the under side oftheupwardlyprojecting metal D. The spreading plate B is disconnectedentirely from the vaporizing-chamber, and is mounted in such a manner asto be adinstable independently ot' said chamber and of the burner. Theheating-flame, however, provided as above described enables me to heatthe vaporizing chamber much more satisfactorily than it can be byconduction from the spreading-plate. yIn the other figures the subheateris shown combined with a spreaderplate having a metallic connectionwith'the vaporizingchamber in the ordinary manner, the heating-flame inFigs. 2, 6, 7, 8, l0, and 11 being obtained in substantially the samemanner as is shown in Fig. l. When conducting the sub-heatingjetdownward and inward in this manner I preler to have a knot of metal, G,carried by the spreading -plate B, and to .form a jet-oritice,f,therein, though, as will be readily understood, the plate may be merelythickened at that point, and a curved or other vpassage-way formed,which will accomplish the same purpose.

In the construction in Fig. 4 I have provided a sub-heater by means of apassage (shown in dotted lines at F) connecting directly with theinterior passage, c, in the tube C. Through it a portion of the vaporcan escape below the illuminating-jet orifice d, which can beignited forheating the adjacent metal parts to insure vaporization.

With the passage-way and oritice through which the heating-vapor isconveyed I prefer to combine a regulating-valve, which may be of any ofthenow well-known forms. In Fig. l I have shown a needle valve having athreaded portion, h2, engaging with a thread and also adapted toregulate the .amount of `vapor which escapes at said orifice.

In the construct-ion shown in Fig. 4 I employ a-needle mounted in asuitable bearing formed in the piece of metal G, which, in this case, issituated lower than the plate B, and is supported by means ot' the partE, to be hereinafter more specifically described. The point h of theneedle enters the heating-oriiice F from the outside, but can beemployed in substantially the same manner as is the ncedle shown in Fig.1, so far as the heating-jet is concerned. v

It will be readily understood that the heating orifice or passage maybelocated in difterent positions, both in the device shown in Fig. l andin that shown in Fig. 4 without departing from the spirit of myinvention. Thus the orifice F in Fig. 4 might be situated upon theopposite side ot' the pipe C and be regnlated by a screw having abearing-piece projecting downwardly from the metal part above, as shownin Fig. 9, or likewise mounted upon either side ot' the tube at rightangles to those above mentioned. When a heating-dame is thus arranged tobear against the metal parts the plate burner can be made much moreefficient than can the similar burners heretofore used.

I am, of course, aware that vapor-burners of other classes than the oneto which my invention pertains-that is to say, not plate burners, socalled-have been constructed with illuminating-orilices and supplementalheatingjets; but with plate burners, especially those not havingmixing-chambers, the principle of IOO construction has been such thatthe plate itselt a was, as has been said, relied on to convey sut'-ficient heat. This heat I have found to beinsufficient, and therefore Ihave been led to construct and arrange the parts of a plate burner sothat I can assist the heat obtained `from the plate by Aa supplementalheating-jet.

When the supplemental heat is applied in the manner I have shown, Iprefer to combine with the vaporiZing-chamber a shield or wing, I,extending more or less around the supplypipe and below the oriticeprojection D. It' desired, this shield or wing I may be connected withthe spreading-plate by a narrow strip, as shown at I in Figs. 2 and 12,as in some cases there may result from this a better guiding ot' thejetof vapor from the illuminating-oritice. This illuminating-orifice may belett permanently open, it' desired, as shown in Figs. (i and 7, or itmay be closed by any ot' the wellknown valves. I have shown in Fig. 1 aneedle-valve substantially similar to that shown at It' h2, having athreaded part, j, and a needle-valve point, j'. The bearing for thevalve can be formed in the piece of upwardly-pro- IIO IIS

jecting metal D, a hole being drilled from the Instead of the needlevalve Jjj", a permanent` fastening device, J', (shown in Fig. 6,)

may be used to close the apertureleft by drilling, and aregulatingdevice may he combined with the supply-pipe, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6,if preferred.

Instead of having the'upwardly-projecting part. D stationary it may bemade removable, as shown in Fig. 7. In this -case the vaporpassage isdrilled lirstlongitudinally and then laterally in this part D, thejet-orifice d beingr related to the deflecting-plate substantially asitis in the construction shown in Fig. 1.

Under some circumstances it will be preferable to connect thesupply-pipe A with the feed-pipe or vaporizing portion C laterally.rIhis may be done by forming a socket, C', on the side of the part G, asis shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

I ain laware that curved deiiecting and spreading plates have for a longtime been used in connection `with retorts for vaporburners, and I donot claim, broadly, as my invention such plates or the burners providedtherewith. l

I am also aware of the fact that mixingchamber burners havebeeuconstructed to have an illuminating jet and ame and a heating jet andflame other than those for illuminating, and Ido notclaim such devicesas my invention; but I believe myself to have been the first to havearranged in the path of the illuminating-jet a plate which receives thevapor directly from 'the retort through a needleorifice, which spreadsthe illuminating-dame, and which conducts heat back `therefrom to theretort or oil-conduit, in combination with devices to withdraw a portionofthe vapor, in order to provide a ame other than the illuminating-flamefor making asupplemental heatthat is, a heat additional to that obtainedby the backward conduction of the plate.l In the mixing-chamber burnersthere are no parts equivalent to the spreading-plate of the plateburners, the spreading of the flame with the mixing-chamber burners`being produced in entirely another manner, which does not permit of thebackward conduction of heat from the fiume-spreading devices, as is donein my burner. If the'tlaine of a mining-chamber burner be caused toimpinge upon a heat-conducting device after issuing from thespreading-slot the ame would be practically useless. Therefore thiscombination of the two means of heating is not practically possible withmixing-chamber burners. In the mixingchambers of such burners cross barsand plates have been arranged for the purpose of breaking up the jet ofvapor and compelling it to mingle intimately with the air,`and also forintercepting a portion of said vapor and guiding it out from themixing-chamber to a conduit for supplying a supplemental ame; but thecross bars orplates thus used do not perform the functions that areperformed by the spreading and delecting plate in my construction, thepeculiari province of which is to form the illuminating-flame, which isin no wise at'- fected by the cross bars or plates which have beenusedin mixing chambers heretofore.

' I do not herein claim anything but what is specifically set forth inthe following claims, reserving to myself the right to claim all otherpatentable subject-matter in another application which I am about tofile.

I do not in this application claim the features shown in Fig. lpertaining to the separation of the spreader-plate from thevaporizing-chamber and mounting it adjustably, as I have made thosefeatures the subject-matter of another application.

What I claim is- 1. In avapor-burner, the combination of the followingelements, substantially-as set forth, namely: a retort in which isgenerated the vapor unmiXed with air, a needle-orifice from which saidunmixed vapor issues under pressure, a plate, B, across the path of thejet to spread theilluminating-liame and conduct hea-t back therefrom tothe retort or oil-conduit, against which plate the jet impinges afterreaching the open air, a passage-way through said plate at a point wherethe plate is struck by the jet of vapor, to conduct aportion of said jetthrough the plate to provide a heatingdame other than theilluminating-dame.

2. In a vapor-burner, the combination of the following elements,substantially as set forth,

namely: a retort in which is generated. vapor unniixed with air, aneedle-orifice from which said unmixed vapor issues under pressure, aplate across the path of the jet to spread the illuminating-,flame andconduct heat back therefrom to the retort or oil-conduit, against whichplate the jet impinges, a passage-way through the plate at a point whereit is impinged upon by the jet, arranged to conduct a portion ot' thejet through the plate for providing a supplemental heating-dame, incombination with a regulating device supported by said plate to adjustaportion of thejet which passes through the passage-way in thespreading-plate. 1

3. A vapor-burner havin g a deiiecting-plate arranged to be impingedupon byand spread the illuminating-jet, a feed-pipe, two plates or wingsextending laterally from the pipe, and

a heating-orifice arranged to direct a jet toward the vaporizing-chamberbetween the plates or wings, substantially as set forth.

4. A vapor-burner having a supply-tube, C, the detlecting-plate B,arrangedto change the path' of the illuminating-jet and spread it, theprojecting part D at the end of the supplytube on the concave side ofthe plate, and a supplemental heatin g device arranged to throw a flamein proximity to said projecting part D, substantially as set forth.

5,. A vapor-burner having a supply-pipe, a deflecting-plate, theprojection D, with the jetorifice therein, and the shieldE, all formedin one piece of metal, substantially as set forth.

IOO

IIO

6. -In :n vapor-burner, a, retort in which is generated vapor uninixedwith air, a needleorifice from which said uninixed vapor issues underpressure, a conezwo-convex plate across the path of the jet to spreadtheilluininating flame, n passage-Way through said plate through whichpasses a portion ot' thejet from the concave side ot' the plate to theconvex side, and means for conducting the Withdrawn portion of thejetback along said convex side I0 toward the vaporzing-chamber,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

. YHENRY S. BELDEN.

Witnesses:

H. H. BLIss, J. S. BARIUM@I

